Dental Abscess: Don’t Ignore the Warning Signs

Ever feel that sharp, pulsing pain in your tooth that just will not quit?

Or maybe you have noticed some swelling and thought, “Is this something serious?”

That pain could be a dental abscess—a painful infection that requires immediate attention.

In this blog, you will learn everything about dental abscesses, including types, symptoms, causes, risk factors, complications, prevention, and when to see an oral surgeon.

What is a Dental Abscess?

A dental abscess is a pocket of infection that forms within or around a tooth due to a bacterial infection.

This infection often starts in the tooth pulp, where the nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissues are found.

Bacteria can enter through untreated tooth decay, cracks, or gum disease, creating a painful, pus-filled area. 

Dental abscesses fall into two main categories:

• Periapical abscess: Found at the tip of the tooth root, usually due to infection in the tooth pulp or severe tooth decay. It is sometimes called an endodontic infection because it originates in the tooth’s inner tissues.
• Periodontal abscess: Located in the gum tissue and surrounding bone, often caused by periodontal disease or infection in a periodontal pocket (a space that forms around the tooth due to gum disease).

Both types of dental abscesses can cause severe pain, swelling, and other serious symptoms if left untreated.

Symptoms of a Dental Abscess

Here are some common signs:

• Severe pain in the tooth or gum, especially around the abscessed tooth
• Swelling in the face, cheek, or neck
• Red, swollen, or tender gum tissue
• A pocket of pus that may be visible 
• Bad breath and a foul or bad taste in the mouth
• Pain that worsens with chewing or exposure to hot or cold foods and temperatures
• Swollen lymph nodes in the neck or jaw
• Fever, indicating a serious infection
• Possible sinus issues, like maxillary sinusitis, especially if the abscess is in the upper jaw

If you notice any of these symptoms, especially severe pain and swelling, it is important to see an oral surgeon right away. Abscess symptoms should never be ignored.

When to See an Oral Surgeon

Mild dental pain can sometimes be managed at home, but a dental abscess requires professional care. Here are some signs that it is time to see an oral surgeon:

• Intense or severe pain that does not go away with over-the-counter pain relievers.
• Facial swelling that makes it difficult to open or close your mouth.
• Drainage or pus from the abscess, indicating a pocket of infection.
• High fever or chills that could mean the infection is spreading.
• Difficulty swallowing or breathing, which requires emergency medical care.

If you suspect you have a dental abscess, book an appointment with our oral surgeon, Dr. Jeffery Kesecker, for an evaluation. 

Causes and Risk Factors

Dental abscesses usually stem from untreated dental problems. Some common causes include:

1. Tooth decay: Cavities or dental caries that reach deep into the tooth can create a path for bacteria to infect the tooth pulp.
2. Gum disease: Periodontal disease can lead to periodontal abscesses if bacteria build up in periodontal pockets.
3. Trauma or injury: Cracks or chips in teeth allow bacteria to enter the pulp.
4. Poor oral hygiene: Inadequate brushing, flossing, and dental care can increase the risk of dental infections.
5. Sugary foods and drinks: Diets high in sugar feed bacteria, increasing the risk of cavities and abscesses.

Risk factors that make certain people more prone to abscesses include:

• Dry mouth: A lack of saliva allows bacteria to thrive.
• Immunocompromised patients: Conditions that weaken the immune system increase susceptibility to infections.
• Previous tooth issues: Those with dental caries, gum disease, or deep cavities are at higher risk.

Potential Complications of a Dental Abscess

An untreated dental abscess can lead to serious health issues.

• Tooth loss: The infection can damage the tooth to the point that extraction is necessary.
• Spread of infection: Bacteria from a dental abscess can travel through the blood vessels, leading to infections in other areas, including the sinus cavity and facial tissues.
• Bone loss: Chronic infections can damage the bone that supports your teeth.

Dental Abscess Treatments

The best treatment for a dental abscess depends on its location and severity. Here are common treatments:

• Drainage: An oral surgeon will make an incision to drain the abscess, removing the pus and reducing pressure.
• Root canal treatment: For periapical abscesses, root canal treatment can remove the infected tissue and save the tooth.
• Tooth extraction: If the abscessed tooth cannot be saved, it may need to be extracted to stop the infection.
• Antibiotic therapy: Antibiotics help control bacterial infections, especially if the abscess has spread.

After treatment, follow-up care is very important. Take prescribed medications, maintain good oral hygiene, and follow your oral surgeon’s instructions to ensure proper healing.

Preventing a Dental Abscess

Prevention is always better than treatment. Here are some tips to prevent a dental abscess:

• Brush and floss daily, and use fluoride toothpaste to protect against cavities.
• Limit sugary foods and drinks that feed bacteria.
• Avoid smoking, which can increase your risk of gum disease.
• Visit your dentist for regular checkups and cleanings to catch early signs of dental disease.
• If you experience any signs of tooth decay, bacterial infection, or gum disease, do not delay in seeking dental care.

Trust Legacy Surgery for Your Oral Health

If you think you have an abscessed tooth, contact us right away. We will do our best to get you in as soon as possible. 

To book an appointment at our oral surgery office in Harrisonburg, VA, call (540) 437-1230 or complete the online inquiry form. Visit our Harrisonburg location at 2071 Pro Pointe Lane, Harrisonburg, VA.
To book an appointment at our oral surgery office in Staunton, VA, call (540) 213-8750 or complete the online inquiry form. Visit our Staunton location at 110 Mactanly Pl C, Staunton, VA.